The joint approach of breeding, genetic resources management and biotechnology were established at INIA La Platina two decades ago. The main objective has been the development of new varieties in different horticulture crops. In the case of vegetables, the breeding efforts are focused on Alliaceae species (garlic and onions), maize, industrial tomatoes, common beans and cucumbers, while in fruit crops the efforts have been focused on grapes, and more recently on cherries and peaches. The breeding and biotechnological program of INIA La Platina count with specialized staff and lab research facilities to work on tissue culture, molecular markers, transgenic lines development, molecular plant pathology, post harvest and genetic resources.
As the potato breeding program is located in the South of Chile, from where a number of varieties have been released last years, local participation has been giving support in germplasm field evaluations, as well as genetic analysis for cultivar fingerprinting and genetic diversity, and marker-assisted selection, and in vitro manipulation including micropropagation, anthers culture, free virus plant production, genetic transformation for resistance to Erwinia carotovora and PVY and PVX virus . Recently, a project has been carried out in gene flow between cultivated potato and wild relatives, with the final goal of determining and quantifying gene transfer between GNO plants and those two genetic pools. Other ongoing research line is related to molecular and physiological studies for cold hardiness and tolerance to others abiotic stresses in potato.
The Genetic Resources Program of INIA is responsible for the custody of the Chilean germplasm with actual or potential value. In its Germplasm Banks Network an extensive number of cultivated species are conserved, and recently ex situ conservation has been extended to wild species under extinction risk. Solanaceae species are an important component of our ex situ collections. The main species conserved are S. tuberosum and their wild relatives, S. muricatum , L. lycopersicum , S. annum and others. La Platina Genetic Resources Unit, with its active germplasm bank, has recently started studies on propagation and reproductive biology of some native species of Solanum as a starting point for the development of regeneration protocols for its former long-term ex-situ conservation.
* Tissue culture - short-term storage facilities
* Plant transformation facilities
* Genetic analysis facilities, for the development and use of markers (RAPD, AFLP, ISSr, SSR, ITSs, etc.)
* Plant growth facilities (growth chambers and greenhouses)
La Platina Genetic Resource Unit
* Medium term conservation systems (1 active germplasm bank and 6 cold working chambers)
* Characterization and regeneration facilities.
* Quarantine facilities
* DBGermo data base
* Plant growth facilities (greenhouses, germination rooms).
Milla-Tapia A, Cabezas JA, Cabello F, Lacombe T, Martínez-Zapater JM, Hinrichsen P & Cervera MT. Unraveling the origins of ancient American viticulture. Accepted in Amer. J. Enol. Vitic.
Mejía N, Gebauer M, Muñoz L, Hewstone N & Hinrichsen P. A genetic linkage map of seedless table grapes ( Vitis vinifera L.) and QTL analysis for seedlessness, berry size, ripening date, and fertility”. Accepted in Amer. J. Enol. Vitic.
María-Teresa Pino, Zoran Jeknic, Jeffrey S Skinner, Eun-Jun Park, Patrick M Hayes, and Tony HH Chen. Enhanced Freezing Tolerance in Transgenic Potato Plants by Ectopic Over-expression of AtCBF1 - Morphological, Anatomical, and Physiological Alterations. 7th. International Plant Cold Hardiness Seminar (IPCHS) Hokkaido University
Pino MT , JS Skinner, Z Jeknic, EJ Park, PM Hayes, and THH Chen. (2006) Ectopic Overexpression of AtCBF1 in Potato Enhances Freezing Tolerance. In: T.H.H. Chen, M. Uemura, and S. Fujikawa (Eds.), Cold Hardiness in Plants: Molecular Genetics, Cell Biology,
Aguirre C, Alvarado R e Hinrichsen P. (2006) Identificación de variedades y líneas de mejoramiento de arroz de Chile mediante análisis de fragmentos de ADN de largo variable amplificados por PCR (AFLP). Agric. Técnica (Chile) 65:356-369.
Mujica F, Obreque V, Hinrichsen P y Cothran G. (2005) Recuperación, conservación y caracterización del caballo chilote. Agro Sur 33:58-67.
Hinrichsen P, Reyes MA, Castro A, Blanchard E, Araya S, Garnier M, Reyes F, Dell'Orto P, Moynihan M, Prieto H & Muñoz C. (2005) Genetic transformation of grapevines with Trichoderma harzianum and antimicrobial peptide genes for improvement of fungal tolerance. Acta Hort. 689:469-474.
Moncada X, Muñoz L, Castro MH, Merdinoglu D & Hinrichsen P. (2005) Clonal polymorphism in the red wine cultivars Carmenère and Cabernet Sauvignon. Acta Hort. 689:513-519.
Peña-Cortés H, Fichet T, González D, González E, Hinrichsen P, Jashes M, Pinto M, Prieto H, Riquelme A, Rosales M, Ruiz S & Valdés J. (2005) Chilean effort for improving fruit quality in grapevine: A genomic approach to understand seed formation, fruit ripening and pathogen response. Acta Hort. 689:505-512.
González-Techera A, Jubany S, Ponce de León I, Boido E, Dellacasa E, Carrau FM, Hinrichsen P & Gaggero C. (2004) Molecular diversity within clones of cv. Tannat ( Vitis vinifera ”. Vitis 43:179-186.
Rosas M, Muñoz C, Prieto H, León P, Salazar E, Reyes F, y Muñoz M. (2004) Flora Chilena Emparentada con Cultivos Genéticamente Modificados, con Énfasis en el Riesgo de Flujo Génico. lXLVII Reunión Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Chile y XVI Sociedad de Botánica de Chile. (Resumen)
Lera L, Layton B, Méndez M y Salazar SE. (2004) Aplicación de métodos multivariados en la clasificación de germoplasma Chileno de maíz. VI Congreso Latinoamericano de Sociedades de Estadística. (Resumen)
Barticevic M, Zavala K, De Felice S, Valenzuela C, Muñoz C e Hinrichsen P. (2004) Caracterización fenotípica de segregantes identificados con marcadores de microsatélites, con énfasis en apirenia y respuesta a ácido giberélico en crecimiento de bayas de uva. Agric. Técnica ( Chile ) 64:3-16.
N Mejía & Hinrichsen P. (2003) A new, highly assertive SCAR marker potentially useful to assist selection for seedlessness in table grape breeding programes. Acta Hortic. 603:559-664.
F Reyes, N Fiore, MA Reyes, P Sepúlveda, V Paredes, y Prieto H. (2003) Biological Behavior and Partial Molecular Characterization of Six Chilean Isolates of Plum pox virus. Plant Dis. 87:15-20 ( 2003).
Sanchez C, Sagredo B, Kalazich J, Rojas J, Winkler A . Selección de genotipos de papa resistentes a virus PVY mediante el uso de un marcador scar del gen Ryadg IN: XII Congreso de la Sociedad Chilena de Fitopatologia. 1 al 4 Octubre 2002. Puerto Varas
Muñoz G, Hinrichsen P, Brygoo Y & Giraud T. (2002) Host specificity of the phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea : evidence from Chilean population structure. Mycol. Res. 106:595-602.
Hinrichsen P, Castro MH y Mellado M. (2002) Mejoramiento de trigos harineros ( Triticum aestivum L.) en la zona Centro Sur de Chile. IV. Caracterización de cultivares de trigos basado en perfiles electroforéticos de gluteninas y gliadinas. Agric. Técnica (Chile) 62:56-67.
Hinrichsen P, Narváez C, Bowers JE, Boursiquot JM, Valenzuela J, Muñoz C, & Meredith CP. (2001) Distinguishing ‘Carmenère' from Similar Varieties by DNA Typing. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 52:396-399.
Reyes F, Reyes MA, Sepúlveda P, Herrera G, Hinrichsen P, Lopez-Moya J & Prieto H. (2001) New insights on plum pox virus in Chile. Acta Hort. 550: 135-140.
Riveros F, Muñoz G, González L, Rojas L, Alvarez M, Hinrichsen P. (2001) Camparación entre análisis morfológicos y de ADN para la identificación de especies de Fusarium aislados de melón ( Cucumis melo ). Agric. Técnica (Chile) 61:281-293.
Narváez C, Castro MH, Valenzuela J e Hinrichsen P. (2001) Patrones genéticos de los cultivares de vides de vinificación más comúnmente usados en chile basados en marcadores de microsatélites. Agric. Técnica (Chile) 61:249-261.
Prieto H , Bruna A, Hinrichsen P y Muñoz C. (2001) Molecular characterization of a Chilean isolate of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus. Plant Dis. 85 : 644-650.
Reyes F, Reyes MA, López- Moya J, Sepúlveda P, Herrera G, Hinrichsen P y Prieto H. (2001) New Insights on plum pox virus in Chile. Acta Hort. 550 :135-140.
Narváez C, Valenzuela J, Muñoz C e Hinrichsen P. (2000) Comparación de métodos de identificación genética de vid basada en fragmentos genómicos anónimos (RAPD y AFLP) . Agric. Técnica 60: 320-340.
Hinrichsen P, Narváez C, Valenzuela J, Muñoz C, Bowers JE & Meredith CP. (2000) Fingerprinting of grape cultivars grown in Chile: Comparison of methods based on anonymous sequences and a set of microsatellite loci . Acta Hort. 528:161-167 .
Zerené M, Granger D, Prehn D e Hinrichsen P. (2000) Secuencias de microsatélites asociadas a genes de proteínas de reserva en variedades Chilenas de trigo harinero: Descripción y posible uso como marcadores de calidad panadera . Agric. Técnica 60: 14-31.
Obreque V, Mancilla R, García-Huidobro J, Cothran G & Hinrichsen P. (1999) Thirteen New Dinucleotide Microsatellites in Alpaca. Animal Genetics 30:397-398.
Hinrichsen P, Kuncar JC, Hirai M, Muñoz C y Lavín A. (1999) Diversidad genética en accesos chilenos de Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Duch. determinada mediante RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA). Agric. Técnica (Chile) 59:151-168.
Prieto H, Bruna A, Hinrichsen P y Muñoz C. (1999) Caracterización de aislamiento Chilenos del virus del mosaico de la sandía tipo II.. Agric. Técnica 58:247-253.
Muñoz GA, Hinrichsen P y Alvarez M. (1999). Variabilidad genética de cepas de Botrytis cinerea resistentes a dicarboximidas provenientes de uva y tomate . Agric. Técnica 59:1-12.
Rosales M, Hinrichsen P & Herrera G. (1998) Molecular characterization of Plum Pox Virus isolated from apricots, plums and peaches in Chile . Acta Hort. 472:401-405.
Prieto H, Bruna A, Hinrichsen P & Muñoz C. (1998) Identificación y caracterización de aislamientos Chilenos del Virus del Mosaico de la Sandía Tipo II . Agric. Técnica 58:247-257.
Sagredo B, Hinrichsen P, López H, Cubillos A & Muñoz C. (1998) Genetic variation of sweet potatoes ( Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivated in Chile determined by RAPDs . Euphytica 101:193-198.
Rosales M, Sagredo B, Hinrinchsen P, Sepulveda P . Optimization of molecular techniques to study genetic diversity of the fungus Angiosorus solani , causal agent of potato smut. Fitopatologia 1998; 1 ( 47 )
Obreque V, Coogle L, Henney PJ, Bailey E, Mancilla R, García-Huidobro J, Hinrichsen P & Cothran EG. (1998) Characterization of ten polymorphic alpaca dinucleotide microsatellites. Animal Genetics 29:461-462.
Johns M, Skroch P, Nienhuis J, Hinrichsen P, Bascur G and Muñoz C. (1997) Gene pool classification of common bean landraces from Chile based on RAPD and morphological data. Crop Science 37:605-613.
Hinrichsen P, Opitz X, Ramírez I & Muñoz C. (1997) Identificación de cultivares Chilenos de trigo de pan ( Triticum aestivum L.) y trigos candeales ( Triticum durum Def. ) basada en perfiles electroforéticos de gliadinas . Agric. Técnica (Chile) 57:102-112.
Invention Patent:
Detection system for Brassica inter-specific hybrids based on/using as marker the receptor kinase ( srk ) gene of the auto-incompatibility system. Humberto Prieto Encalada, Sergio Diez De Medina, Erika Salazar Suazo, Felipe Gainza Cortés, Manuel Acuña Soto, Erich Palma Dóñez, Soledad Cabrera Medina. Applicant: Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias – CRI La Platina. Solicitud CL 3454-2005.
Precautional patents:
Vitis vinifera S-Adenosil methionin decarboxylase genes useful to enhance the defense against Botrytis cinerea fungus. Hugo Peña Cortés, Humberto Prieto Encalada, Marlene Rosales Villavicencio. Applicant: UTFSM, INIA, UCH, USACH, UTalca, ASOEX, FDF, FCh. Solicitud CL3074-2005.
Ankirin-type genes of grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ) useful to enhance the defense against Botrytis cinerea fungus. Hugo Peña Cortés, Humberto Prieto Encalada, Marlene Rosales Villavicencio. Applicant: UTFSM, INIA, UCH, USACH, UTalca, ASOEX, FDF, FCh. Solicitud 3073-2005.
GAG-type polyprotein genes of grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ) retrotransposon useful to enhance Botrytis cinerea tolerance. Hugo Peña Cortés, Humberto Prieto Encalada, Marlene Rosales Villavicencio. Applicant: UTFSM, INIA, UCH, USACH, UTalca, ASOEX, FDF, FCh. Solicitud 3075-2005.
Pathogenesis related proteins in Vitis vinifera .Hugo Peña Cortés, Humberto Prieto Encalada, Marlene Rosales Villavicencio. Applicant: UTFSM, INIA, UCH, USACH, UTalca, ASOEX, FDF, FCh. Solicitud 3072-2005.
FIA (Foundation for the Innovation in Agriculture, Chile)
CORFO (Nartional Bureau for the Promotion of Industrial Innitiatives, Chile)
CONICYT (National Bureau for Science and Technology)
FONSAG (Fund for the Study and Conservation of the Phytosanitary Patrimony, SAG)
International Agencies such as INCO-DEV (European Union), McKnight Foundation, Generation Challenge Program, etc.
| Marlene Rosales |  |
Molecular Phytopathology |
| Humberto Prieto | |
Transgenic Group Leader |
| María Teresa Pino | |
Abiotic stress researcher |
| María Antonieta Reyes | |
In vitro culture Expert |
| Patricio Hinrichsen | |
Head Biotech lab - Genetics and Genomics |
| Carlos Muñoz | |
Head Breeding and Biotechnology Department |
| María Herminia Castro | |
Molecular markers Technician |
| Marisol Muñoz | In vitro culture Technician | |
| Blanca Olmedo | Genetic Transformation Technician | |
| Catalina Álvarez | Genetic Transformation Technician | |
| Isella Escudero | Embryo Rescue Technician | |
| Mario Pastene | Greenhouse Technician | |
| La Platina Genetic Resource Unit | ||
| Erika Salazar S | |
La Platina Active Germplasm Bank leader |
| Rosa Ester Salinas | |
Lab and Field Technician |
| Gloria Tobar | |
Lab and Greenhouse Technician |
| Carolina Cortéz | |
Undergraduate student |